Generative Artificial Intelligence and Education: An Analysis from Multiple Perspectives

• García-Peñalvo, Francisco José ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Salamanca

     Universidad de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
• Localización: Education in the knowledge society (EKS), ISSN 1138-9737, ISSN-e 2444-8729, Nº. 25, 2024
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.14201/eks.31942
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Inteligencia artificial generativa y educación: Un análisis desde múltiples perspectivas
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 47 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    En la intersección entre la tecnología avanzada y la pedagogía, la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAGen) está provocando, como poco, el replanteamiento de los paradigmas educativos tradicionales. Después de un año frenético en el avance de la IAGen, especialmente tras la aparición en escena de ChatGPT, se quiere explorar el impacto de la IAGen en el sector educativo, analizado desde las perspectivas de cuatro colectivos clave: profesorado, estudiantado, perfiles de toma de decisiones e ingenieros/as de software. Durante 2023 y lo que llevamos de 2024 se han realizado revisiones de literatura, entrevistas, encuestas, formaciones y observaciones directas de cómo se percibe la IAGen por personas que representan a los colectivos anteriormente mencionados dentro del contexto educativo. Se destaca cómo la IAGen ofrece oportunidades sin precedentes para, entre otros aspectos, personalizar el aprendizaje, mejorar la calidad de los recursos educativos u optimizar los procesos administrativos y de evaluación. Sin embargo, la IAGen aplicada a la educación tiene otra cara menos amable que se relaciona con recelos y desconfianzas, debidas, en muchas ocasiones a una falta de alfabetización en aspectos relacionados con la IA en general, pero bien fundamentados en otras ocasiones por las lagunas existentes en cuanto a aspectos legislativos, éticos, de seguridad o de influencia medioambiental. Este análisis revela que, aunque la IAGen tiene el potencial de transformar significativamente la educación, su implementación exitosa requiere un enfoque colaborativo y transversal que involucre a todos los actores del ecosistema educativo. A medida que exploramos este nuevo horizonte, es imperativo considerar las implicaciones éticas y garantizar que la tecnología se utilice de manera que signifique un beneficio para la sociedad en general, sin obviar los riesgos y retos que ya existen o que ineludiblemente aparecerán con el desarrollo acelerado de estas tecnologías tan extremadamente potentes.

  • English

    At the crossroads of advanced technology and pedagogy, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is, at the very least, prompting a reassessment of traditional educational paradigms. Following a frenetic year in the advancement of GenAI, particularly after the emergence of ChatGPT, there is an intent to explore the impact of GenAI on the educational sector, analysed from the perspectives of four key groups: teachers, students, decision-makers, and software engineers. Throughout 2023 and into 2024, literature reviews, interviews, surveys, training sessions, and direct observations have been conducted to gauge how GenAI is perceived by individuals representing these groups within the educational context. It is highlighted how GenAI offers unprecedented opportunities for, among other things, personalising learning, enhancing the quality of educational resources, and optimising administrative and assessment processes. However, the application of GenAI in education also has a less favourable aspect related to reservations and mistrust, often due to a lack of literacy in issues related to AI in general, but also well-founded in some cases due to gaps in legislative, ethical, security, or environmental impact aspects. This analysis reveals that, although GenAI has the potential to transform education significantly, its successful implementation requires a collaborative and cross-sectional approach involving all actors in the educational ecosystem. As we explore this new horizon, it is imperative to consider the ethical implications and ensure that technology is used to benefit society at large without overlooking the risks and challenges that already exist or will inevitably arise with the accelerated development of these extremely powerful technologies.

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