La enseñanza basada en antecedentes socioculturales de los alumnos: un método de eliminación de la desigualdad para lograr el aprendizaje significativo

• Autores: Hatice Ezgi Aktuna, María Luisa Oliveras Contreras
• Localización: ReiDoCrea: Revista electrónica de investigación y docencia creativa, ISSN-e 2254-5883, Vol. 5, 2016, págs. 130-145
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.30827/digibug.41788
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1    2  
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    El propósito de este estudio es mostrar los resultados de una propuesta de enseñanza basada en antecedentes socioculturales de los alumnos a través de actividades culturalmente relevantes extraídas de sus prácticas cotidianas, investigando la contribución de esta propuesta a las actitudes y aprendizajes de los estudiantes sobre el concepto de medición de la magnitud área. Los datos fueron recogidos de 12 estudiantes de sexto grado (11- 12 años), en una escuela pública rural ubicada en Esmirna (Turquía). El diseño de la investigación fue interpretativo básico y de investigación-acción, ya que la investigadora fue profesora de la clase al mismo tiempo. Las observaciones de clases, notas de campo, grabaciones de vídeo, hojas de tareas de estudiantes, y los formularios de evaluación de las actividades se utilizaron para evaluar las percepciones de los estudiantes y su aprovechamiento. Los datos obtenidos se describieron en detalle y se analizaron de forma cualitativa y cuantitativa, (Aktuna, & Çakıroğlu, 2013). Los resultados del estudio revelaron que una enseñanza basada en la realización de actividades fundamentadas en las prácticas laborales propias del entorno social, del sector del olivar, produjo un aumento de la motivación, el interés y confianza en sí mismos de los estudiantes; comodidad y disfrute en las clases de matemáticas, y la promoción de su propia cultura en el aula de matemáticas. Se observaron los cambios más positivos en los estudiantes de rendimiento medio y medio-bajo mientras que los estudiantes de bajo y alto rendimientos mantuvieron su estado habitual de motivación, actividad y nivel de aprendizaje.

  • English

    The purpose of this study is to show the results of a teaching proposal based on socio-cultural background of students through culturally relevant activities selected from their daily practices; by investigating the contribution of this proposal to the attitudes and learning of students about the area measurement concept. Data was collected from 12 sixth graders (11-12 years), in a rural public school in Izmir (Turkey). The research design was basic interpretative and action research because the researcher was the teacher of the class at the same time. The classroom observations, field notes, video recordings, student sheets and evaluation forms of activities were used to assess the perceptions of students and their improvement. The obtained data is described in detail and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively (Aktuna, & Cakiroglu, 2013).The study results revealed that teaching based on activities from labor practices of the social environment of the olive sector increased motivation, interest and self-confidence of the students; comfort, enjoyment, and promotion of their own culture in the mathematics classroom. The most positive changes in student performance were observed on middle and lower-middle achievers, while low and high achievers maintained their usual state of motivation, activity and level of learning.

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