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Psychosocial Predictors of Relapse in Cocaine-Dependent Patients in Treatment

  • Emilio Sánchez Hervás [3] ; Francisco José Santonja Gómez [2] ; Roberto Secades Villa [1] ; Gloria García Fernández [1] ; Olaya García Rodríguez [1] ; Francisco Zacarés Romaguera [1]
    1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

      Universidad de Oviedo

      Oviedo, España

    2. [2] Universitat de València

      Universitat de València

      Valencia, España

    3. [3] Agencia Valenciana de Salud
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  • Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Vol. 15, Nº. 2, 2012, págs. 748-755
  • Idioma: inglés
  • DOI: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n2.38886
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      Las recaídas en el consumo siguen siendo un problema común en el tratamiento de las personas dependientes a la cocaína. La mayoría de los pacientes son incapaces de mantener la abstinencia de forma continuada, por lo que la identificación de factores que se relacionen con un mayor riesgo de recaída en el consumo permite mejorar las estrategias de tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar potenciales factores de riesgo de recaída durante el tratamiento en dependientes a la cocaína. Participaron 102 pacientes que iniciaban tratamiento en una unidad de tipo ambulatorio de la red sanitaria pública de España. Se evaluaron diversas áreas de funcionamiento y el uso de cocaína durante un período de seis meses. Para identificar las posibles variables con valor predictivo se utilizó una modelización matemática con ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados de este trabajo subrayan que factores psicosociales como el entorno sociofamiliar y la situación económico-laboral tienen capacidad para predecir las recaídas en este tipo de pacientes. También que el entorno sociofamiliar influye en la severidad adictiva. Se concluye que la incorporación de estrategias de intervención familiar y de consejo vocacional puede ayudar a reducir las tasas de recaída en adictos a la cocaína en tratamiento.

    • English

      Relapses in cocaine abusers in treatment are an important problem. The majority of patients are incapable of sustaining abstinence over any length of time. To identify the factors associated to relapses risk in the cocaine use can be an optimal choice to improve the treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze relapse-risk factors in cocaine-dependent patients on treatment. Participants were 102 patients who had begun outpatient treatment at a public health center in Spain. Some functional areas and cocaine use are evaluated for a period of six months. A structural equations model was used to identify possible predictive variables. The results show that social-family environment and economic-employment situation were associated with greater risk of relapse. Likewise, the social-family environment was related to severity of addiction. It is concluded that the incorporation of family intervention strategies and vocational/employment counseling may help to reduce relapse rates in cocaine addicts receiving treatment.

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