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Vínculos entre desastres naturales, desarrollo económico y desigualdad de género: evidencia para América Latina y el Caribe

  • María del Mar Llorente Marrón [1] ; M. Montserrat Díaz Fernández [1] ; Jorge Álvaro Alonso Mogollón [1] ; Carolina Cosculluela Martínez [2]
    1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

      Universidad de Oviedo

      Oviedo, España

    2. [2] Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

      Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

      Madrid, España

  • Localización: Anales de ASEPUMA, ISSN-e 2171-892X, Nº. 32, 2024
  • Idioma: español
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      Este trabajo explora la relación existente entre género y desastres de origen natural (ND) considerando cómo el nivel de desarrollo económico y la desigualdad de género influyen en las pérdidas ocasionadas por estos eventos, y cómo los desastres también contribuyen a la desigualdad de género. Para ello se analizan los efectos de los desastres naturales ocurridos durante el periodo 2000-2021 en 20 países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe, utilizando un enfoque de ecuaciones estructurales con datos panel de efectos fijos, SEM-FE, como herramienta de análisis. Los resultados obtenidos son acordes con la literatura previa que identifica el desarrollo económico como variable que determina las pérdidas de vidas humanas derivadas de los ND. Muestran evidencia de los efectos atenuantes de la igualdad de género sobre el impacto del ND medido en términos de vidas humanas y de los efectos negativos del impacto del ND sobre la igualdad de género. Las conclusiones obtenidas refuerzan la igualdad de género como elemento fundamental para prevenir los desastres y reconstruir un entorno sostenible después de ellos.

    • English

      This work explores the relationship between gender and natural disasters (ND), considering how the level of economic development and gender inequality influence the losses caused by these events, and how disasters also contribute to gender inequality. To do this, the effects of natural disasters that occurred during the period 2000-2021 in 20 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are analyzed, using a structural equations approach with fixed effects panel data, SEM-FE, as an analysis tool. The results obtained are consistent with previous literature that identifies economic development as a variable that determines the loss of human life derived from ND. They show evidence of the mitigating effects of gender equality on the impact of ND measured in terms of human lives and of the negative effects of the impact of ND on gender equality. The conclusions obtained reinforce gender equality as a fundamental element to prevent disasters and rebuild a sustainable environment after them.

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