Optimización Simultánea de los Parámetros de Esquemas de Desconexión Automática de Carga y Convertidores Grid-forming

• Valles, José M. ^[1] ; Gonzalez-Longatt, Francisco ^[2] ; Riquelme-Dominguez, José Miguel ^[3] ; Angeles-Camacho, César ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

     Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

     México

     
  2. [2] Loughborough University

     Loughborough University

     Charnwood District, Reino Unido

     
  3. [3] Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     

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• Localización: Revista Politécnica, ISSN-e 2477-8990, Vol. 54, Nº. 1, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Revista Politécnica), págs. 65-76
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.33333/rp.vol54n1.07
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Simultaneous Optimization of the Parameters of Under-Frequency Load Shedding Schemes and Grid-forming Converters
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Al reemplazar la generación síncrona con generación basada en convertidores, se reduce la inercia rotacional disponible en el sistema eléctrico. Esta disminución de inercia modifica el comportamiento dinámico del sistema, lo que provoca cambios más pronunciados en la frecuencia del mismo y aumenta la posibilidad de activar esquemas de disparo automático de carga (DAC). Con el fin de evitar la disminución de la inercia rotacional, en la literatura se han elaborado esquemas de control para los convertidores que emulan el comportamiento de las máquinas síncronas, conocidos como controles grid-forming. Este artículo presenta una metodología general que permite optimizar simultáneamente los parámetros de los esquemas DAC y convertidores grid-forming en sistemas de baja inercia rotacional. El objetivo es minimizar la carga disparada durante eventos de baja frecuencia. Se presentan dos aportaciones: la primera es el procedimiento para evaluar la función objetivo, que consiste en evaluarla mediante el uso de resultados de una simulación en el dominio del tiempo; la segunda es la integración de parámetros de control grid-forming al problema de optimización, con el fin de aprovechar la respuesta rápida de los convertidores y proporcionar una respuesta más eficiente ante eventos de baja frecuencia. La metodología ha sido validada mediante diversos casos de estudio desarrollados usando el sistema de potencia tradicional de 9 barras, presentado originalmente en el libro de P.M. Anderson. Los resultados obtenidos corroboran que la metodología propuesta reduce la activación del esquema DAC durante un evento de baja frecuencia.

     

  • English

    By replacing synchronous generation with converter-based generation, the rotational inertia available in the electrical system is reduced. This reduction in inertia modifies the dynamic behavior of the system, which causes more pronounced changes in the system frequency and increases the possibility of activating under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) schemes. In order to avoid the decrease in rotational inertia, novel control schemes for converters that emulate the behavior of synchronous machines have been developed in the literature, known as grid-forming controls. This article presents a general methodology that allows simultaneously optimizing the parameters of UFLS schemes and grid-forming converters in low rotational inertia systems. The goal is to minimize the load triggered during low frequency events. Two contributions are presented: the first is the procedure to evaluate the objective function, which consists of evaluating it by using the results of a time-domain simulation; The second is the integration of grid-forming control parameters to the optimization problem, with the aim of taking advantage of the fast response of the converters and providing a more efficient response to low frequency events. The methodology has been validated through various case studies developed using the traditional 9-bus power system, originally presented in the book by P.M. Anderson. The results obtained corroborate that the proposed methodology reduces the activation of the DAC scheme during a low frequency event.

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