Corrupción y desigualdad de ingresos, evidencia empírica para México (2010-2020)

• Autores: Héctor Flores Márquez, Omar Neme Castillo, Humberto Ríos Bolívar
• Localización: Estudios de economía, ISSN 0718-5286, ISSN-e 0304-2758, Vol. 50, Nº. 1, 2023, págs. 193-219
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Corruption and Income Inequality, Empirical Evidence for Mexico (2010-2020)
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Resumen: México, entre los países de la OCDE, es el país que presenta la mayor diferencia de ingresos entre ricos y pobres. Esta situación ha venido acompañada de altos niveles en la percepción de corrupción. El objetivo es demostrar que la corrupción y la desigualdad de ingresos están correlacionadas. Las estimaciones se ven afectadas por el problema de endogeneidad originada por la causalidad bidireccional de la corrupción y la desigualdad de ingresos y por los errores de medición de la variable utilizada para la corrupción. Por ello, se emplea el método de ecuaciones simultáneas y se estima mediante Mínimos Cuadrados en Dos Etapas con Componentes en el Error (MC2ECE), alternativamente se emplea el Método Generalizado de Momentos (GMM, por sus siglas en inglés) y sys-GMM, para analizar la sensibilidad de los resultados. Se encuentra evidencia robusta de una relación positiva entre corrupción y desigualdad de ingresos en México en el periodo de 2010-2020

  • English

    Abstract: Mexico, among the OECD countries, is the country with the greatest difference in income between rich and poor. This situation has been accompanied by high levels of perception of corruption. The goal is to show that corruption and income inequality are correlated. The estimates are affected by the endogeneity problem caused by the two-way causality of corruption and income inequality, and by measurement errors of the variable used for corruption. Therefore, the method of simultaneous equations is used and it is estimated by error-component two stage least squares (EC2SLS), alternatively the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and sys-GMM are used, to analyze the sensitivity of the results. Robust evidence is found of a positive relationship between corruption and income inequality in Mexico in the period 2010-2020.

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