Efecto del consumo de tabaco en las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales: metaanálisis

• Díez, Cira ^[1] ; Fernández-Gómez, María José ^[1] ; Martín-Vallejo, Javier ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Salamanca

     Universidad de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
• Localización: Farmajournal, ISSN-e 2445-1355, Vol. 7, Nº. 2, 2022, págs. 19-28
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.14201/fj2022721928
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Effect of Tobacco Use on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Meta-analysis
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    La colitis ulcerosa y la enfermedad de Crohn son los dos principales tipos de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y afectan de manera crónica e inmunomediada al tubo digestivo. Surgen por la interacción del sistema inmune y la microbiota intestinal con factores genéticos y ambientales, siendo el tabaco uno de los más influyentes. Debido a una confusión en la bibliografía, se evalúa si existe un efecto real del tabaquismo en estas enfermedades mediante un metaanálisis. Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed y Google Académico y se calculó un OR combinado, partiendo del modelo de efectos fijos, de los estudios que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión marcados. Nuestros resultados confirman que el tabaco es un factor protector para la colitis ulcerosa con OR combinados significativos estadísticamente y similares a los de otros metaanálisis realizados anteriormente. Sin embargo, la asociación del tabaco como factor de riesgo para la enfermedad de Crohn no está tan clara, debido a que los OR combinados obtenidos son no significativos o están cerca de la no significación y son más pequeños que en otros metaanálisis, aunque sí se detectó que debería ser analizada en estudios futuros.

  • English

    Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are the two main types of inflammatory bowel disease and affect the gastrointestinal tract in a chronic and immune-mediated manner. They arise from the interaction of the immune system and the intestinal microbiota with genetic and environmental factors, being tobacco one of the most influential. Due to confusion in the literature, a meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate whether there is a real effect of smoking in these diseases. Research was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar and a combined OR was calculated, based on the fixed effects model, of the studies which met the established inclusion criteria. Our results confirm that smoking is a protective factor for ulcerative colitis with statistically significant combined ORs, similar to those of other previously performed meta-analyses. Nevertheless, the association of smoking as a risk factor for Crohn’s disease is not so clear, due to the fact that the combined ORs obtained are not significant or are close to non-significant and are smaller than in other meta-analyses, although we did detect that it should be analyzed in forthcoming studies.

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