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Study of Polylactic Acid – Achira Starch Blends Compatibilized by Polyvinyl Alcohol

  • Molina, Pamela [1] ; Silva, Gabriela [1] ; Valle, Vladimir [1] ; Aldás, María-Belén [1] ; Proaño, Erick [1]
    1. [1] Escuela Politécnica Nacional

      Escuela Politécnica Nacional

      Quito, Ecuador

  • Localización: Revista Politécnica, ISSN-e 2477-8990, Vol. 51, Nº. 2, 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Revista Politécnica), págs. 29-38
  • Idioma: inglés
  • DOI: 10.33333/rp.vol51n2.03
  • Títulos paralelos:
    • Estudo de ácido polilático - amido de achira compatível com misturas de álcool polivinílico
    • Estudio de Mezclas Ácido Poliláctico – Almidón de Achira Compatibilizadas con Polivinil Alcohol
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      Se prepararon mezclas ácido poliláctico (PLA) – almidón de achira empleando polivinil alcohol (PVA) y glicerol como compatibilizante y plastificante, respectivamente. Las mezclas fueron caracterizadas en términos de espectroscopia infrarroja por transformadas de Fourier (FTIR), calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), y propiedades mecánicas. Las superficies de fractura obtenidas del ensayo de tensión fueron evaluadas por medio de microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). Adicionalmente, se determinó la biodegradabilidad de las mezclas por medio de ensayos en suelo natural, vermicomposteo, así como también en condiciones aerobias y anaerobias. De acuerdo con los resultados, el PVA incrementó la resistencia a la tensión, elongación a la rotura y produjo una disminución en el módulo de Young. Las imágenes SEM exhibieron superficies rugosas con gránulos de almidón. Adicionalmente, los resultados de DSC evidenciaron un solo valor de Tg, muy cercana a la Tg de los componentes solos; en tanto que los espectros FTIR sugirieron la presencia de enlace hidrógeno entre PLA y almidón. Finalmente, los resultados de vermicomposteo revelaron un alto nivel de degradación de las mezclas PLA – almidón de achira.

       

    • English

      Polylactic acid (PLA) – achira starch blends were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol as compatibilizer and plasticizer, respectively. Blends were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical behavior. Fracture surfaces obtained from tensile test were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biodegradability of blends was determined in natural soil, vermicomposting method, aerobic and anaerobic conditions. According to results, PVA increased tensile strength, elongation at break and decreased Young´s modulus. SEM images showed rugged surfaces with starch granules in the samples. Moreover, DSC results showed a single Tg value close to Tg of neat components whereas, FTIR spectra suggested the presence of hydrogen bonds between PLA and starch. Finally, vermicomposting results revealed a high degradation level of PLA – achira starch blends.

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