Fuerza, velocidad de marcha y tiempo de reacción en adultos mayores activos

• Al Nayf Mantas, M.R. ^[1] ; Párraga-Montilla, J. ^[2] ; Lozano-Aguilera, E ^[2] ; López-García, S. ^[1] ; Moral-García, J.E ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

     Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Jaén

     Universidad de Jaén

     Jaén, España

     
• Localización: Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, ISSN-e 1577-0354, Vol. 22, Nº. 85, 2022, págs. 153-167
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Muscle strength, gait speed, and reaction time in active elderly people
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen
  • español

    El envejecimiento implica pérdida de funcionalidad, existiendo una asociación entre mayores niveles de fuerza, de velocidad de marcha y de tiempo de reacción con un buen estado de salud. El objetivo es analizar el nivel de capacidades físicas y perceptivas de los participantes en un programa de actividad física. Participaron 170 adultos mayores (93 mujeres), de 65±6,8 años. La fuerza se midió con el press de banca, test de la silla y la prensión manual. La velocidad de la marcha en 8 y 30 m se midió con células fotoeléctricas y el tiempo de reacción con sistema optogait. Los resultados muestran un buen nivel de condición física, siendo los más mayores más lentos y con peor reacción a un estímulo. La fuerza disminuye al avanzar la edad, pero puede mantenerse en óptimos niveles con la práctica regular de actividad física.

  • English

    Aging implies loss of functionality, there is an association between higher levels of strength, walking speed and reaction time with a good state of health. The objective is to analyze the level of physical and perceptual abilities of the participants in the physical activity program. 170 older people (93 women), 65±6.8 years old, participated. Strength was measured with the bench press, chair test and manual grip. The walking speed at 8 and 30 m was measured with photoelectric cells and the reaction time with an optogait system. The results show a good level of physical condition, the oldest being slower and with a worse reaction to a stimulus. Strength decreases with advancing age, but can be maintained at optimal levels with regular physical activity

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Aley, L., Miller, E. W., Bode, S., Hall, L., Markusic, J., Nicholson, M., & Winegardner, M. (2007). Effects of age, task complexity, and...
  • Batty, G. D., Shipley, M. J., Dundas, R., Macintyre, S., Der, G., Mortensen, L. H., & Deary, I. J. (2009). Does IQ explain socio-economic...
  • Blain, H., Carriere, I., Sourial, N., Berard, C., Favier, F., Colvez, A., & Bergman, H. (2010). Balance and walking speed predict subsequent...
  • Bohannon, R. W. (1997). Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20-79 years: reference values and determinants. Age and Ageing,...
  • Burton, C. L., Strauss, E., Hultsch, D. F., & Hunter, M. A. (2009). The relationship between everyday problem solving and inconsistency...
  • Cheung, C.-L., Lam, K. S. L., & Cheung, B. M. Y. (2016). Evaluation of Cutpoints for Low Lean Mass and Slow Gait Speed in Predicting Death...
  • Cornelissen, V. A., & Fagard, R. H. (2005). Effect of resistance training on resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled...
  • Dodson, J. A., Arnold, S. V, Gosch, K. L., Gill, T. M., Spertus, J. A., Krumholz, H. M., … Alexander, K. P. (2016). Slow Gait Speed and Risk...
  • Enns, D. L., & Tiidus, P. M. (2010). The influence of estrogen on skeletal muscle: sex matters. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 40(1),...
  • Evans, W. J. (2015, julio). Sarcopenia Should Reflect the Contribution of Age-Associated Changes in Skeletal Muscle to Risk of Morbidity and...
  • Ferreira, M. L., Sherrington, C., Smith, K., Carswell, P., Bell, R., Bell, M., … Vardon, P. (2012). Physical activity improves strength, balance...
  • Hagger-Johnson, G., Deary, I. J., Davies, C. A., Weiss, A., & Batty, G. D. (2014). Reaction time and mortality from the major causes of...
  • Izquierdo, M., Santos, J. I., Martínez, A. M. A., & Ayestarán, E. G. (2008). Envejecimiento y entrenamiento de fuerza: adaptaciones neuromusculares...
  • Jiménez, L. E. C., Pardo, A. Y. G., Quintero, G. A. G., & Muñoz, A. I. G. (2019). Explosive strength in older adults, training effects...
  • Kamijo, K., Hayashi, Y., Sakai, T., Yahiro, T., Tanaka, K., & Nishihira, Y. (2009). Acute effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function...
  • Keller, K., & Engelhardt, M. (2013). Strength and muscle mass loss with aging process. Age and strength loss. Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons...
  • Lang, T., Streeper, T., Cawthon, P., Baldwin, K., Taaffe, D. R., & Harris, T. B. (2010). Sarcopenia: etiology, clinical consequences,...
  • León, J., Oña, A., Ureña, A., Bilbao, A., & Bolaños, M. J. (2011). Effects of physical activity on reaction time in elderly wowen. Revista...
  • Lera-López, F., Garrues Irisarri, M. A., Ollo-López, A., Sánchez Iriso, E., Cabasés Hita, J. M., & Sánchez Santos, J. M. (2017). Physical...
  • Lindsay, K. G. ., Obrosielski, D. D., & Knuth, N. D. (2015). Fatigability during a standardized walk can identify older adults in early...
  • Lipps, D., Eckner, J., Richardson, J., Galecki, A., & Ashton-Miller, J. (2009). On gender differences in the reaction times of sprinters...
  • Mercer, V. S., Hankins, C. C., Spinks, A. J., & Tedder, D. D. (2009). Reliability and validity of a clinical test of reaction time in...
  • Metter, E. J., Schrager, M., Ferrucci, L., & Talbot, L. A. (2005). Evaluation of movement speed and reaction time as predictors of all-cause...
  • Mirelman, A., Herman, T., Brozgol, M., Dorfman, M., Sprecher, E., Schweiger, A., … Hausdorff, J. M. (2012). Executive function and falls in...
  • Moral-García, J. E., Al Nayf Mantas, M. R., López-García, S., Maneiro, R., & Amatria, M. (2019). Nutritional Status and Physical Condition...
  • Moral-García, J. E., García, D. O., García, S. L., Jiménez, M. A., & Dios, R. M. (2018). Influence of physical activity on self-esteem...
  • Munera, R. C. L., Campos, M. A. S. E., Martínez, A. V. N., Arévalo, J. M. A., Pinillos, F. G., & Román, P. A. L. (2016). Sociodemographic...
  • Neufer, P. D., Bamman, M. M., Muoio, D. M., Bouchard, C., Cooper, D. M., Goodpaster, B. H., … Laughlin, M. R. (2015). Understanding the Cellular...
  • Ojagbemi, A., D’Este, C., Verdes, E., Chatterji, S., & Gureje, O. (2015). Gait speed and cognitive decline over 2 years in the Ibadan...
  • Pijnappels, M., Delbaere, K., Sturnieks, D. L., & Lord, S. R. (2010). The association between choice stepping reaction time and falls...
  • Purser, J. L., Weinberger, M., Cohen, H. J., Pieper, C. F., Morey, M. C., Li, T., … Lapuerta, P. (2005). Walking speed predicts health status...
  • Reid, K. F., Pasha, E., Doros, G., Clark, D. J., Patten, C., Phillips, E. M., … Fielding, R. A. (2014). Longitudinal decline of lower extremity...
  • Romero, S., Carrasco, L., Sañudo, B., & Chacón, F. (2010). Physical activity and perceived health status in adults from seville. Revista...
  • Ruiz-Juan, F., & Zarauz, J. (2011). Beneficios de las actividades físico deportivas para la salud. IX Congreso Internacional sobre la...
  • Ruiz, J. R., Sui, X., Lobelo, F., Morrow, J. R. J., Jackson, A. W., Sjöström, M., & Blair, S. N. (2008). Association between muscular...
  • Saar, E., Paz, I., & Rosental, D. (1995). Reaction and movement time in relation to age, sex and physical occupation. En I. Wingate Institute...
  • Shahudin, N. N., Yusof, S. M., Razak, F. A., Sariman, M. H., Azam, M. Z. M., & Norman, W. M. N. W. (2016). Effects of age on physical...
  • Sorenson, S. C., & Flanagan, S. P. (2015). Age-related changes to composite lower extremity kinetics and their constituents in healthy...
  • Srinivas-Shankar, U., Roberts, S. A., Connolly, M. J., O’Connell, M. D. L., Adams, J. E., Oldham, J. A., & Wu, F. C. W. (2010). Effects...
  • Studenski, S., Perera, S., Patel, K., Rosano, C., Faulkner, K., Inzitari, M., … Guralnik, J. (2011). Gait speed and survival in older adults....
  • Tanasescu, M., Leitzmann, M. F., Rimm, E. B., Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., & Hu, F. B. (2002). Exercise type and intensity in relation...
  • Thompson, P. D., Arena, R., Riebe, D., & Pescatello, L. S. (2013). ACSM’s new preparticipation health screening recommendations from ACSM’s...
  • Tun, P. A., & Lachman, M. E. (2008). Age differences in reaction time and attention in a national telephone sample of adults: education,...
  • USDHHS, U. S. D. of H. and H. S. (2008). Prevalence of self-reported physically active adults--United States, 2007. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality...
  • Woo, J., Ho, S. C., & Yu, A. L. (1999). Walking speed and stride length predicts 36 months dependency, mortality, and institutionalization...
  • Woods, D. L., Wyma, J. M., Yund, E. W., Herron, T. J., & Reed, B. (2015). Age-related slowing of response selection and production in...
  • World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health 2010. Geneva.