Ambidextrismo o el equilibrio: la esencia de las competencias emprendedoras y su aprendizaje no formal

• Ripollés, M. ^[1] ; Michavila, F. ^[2]
  1. [1] Universitat Jaume I

     Universitat Jaume I

     Castellón, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: REDU: Revista de Docencia Universitaria, ISSN 1696-1412, ISSN-e 1887-4592, Vol. 18, Nº. 1, 2020, págs. 71-89
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.4995/redu.2020.13316
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Ambidexterity: the essence of entrepreneurial competencies and its non-formal learning
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El reconocimiento generalizado de la im­portancia de las competencias empren­dedoras para el éxito profesional de los estudiantes está llevando a las universida­des a desarrollar entornos que faciliten su aprendizaje. Sin embargo, todavía existen importantes cuestiones por resolver que limitan la eficacia de dichos entornos. No existe consenso sobre el tipo de compor­tamiento emprendedor que debería esti­mularse en los estudiantes universitarios, ni sobre el concepto de competencias em­prendedoras que más se ajusta al entorno específico de las universidades. Además, las propuestas didácticas que pudieran plantearse deben considerar que, aunque los sistemas de evaluación formativos son apropiados a la hora de medir competen­cias transversales, también son más com­plejos. En este trabajo se considera que la educación no formal universitaria es un instrumento potente para el aprendizaje de competencias emprendedoras en los estudiantes universitarios, ya que otorga la flexibilidad que éste requiere. En con­secuencia, se presenta una propuesta di­dáctica integral que facilita la adquisición de competencias emprendedoras en el ámbito universitario, se exponen las prin­cipales características pedagógicas que inspiran dicha propuesta y su relación con los distintos tipos de competencias emprendedoras. El artículo finaliza con la presentación de un sistema de evaluación formativo que resalta la importancia de la reflexión como elemento de aprendizaje.

  • English

    Despite the worldwide increase in entre­preneurship education offered at univer­sities, there is an ongoing debate whether and under which conditions this type of education contributes to foster students’ entrepreneurial competencies. There is no consensus on what entrepreneurial com­petencies means, neither on the charac­teristics of the pedagogical interventions needed, especially on what refers to the measurement of these interventions. This paper argues that universities need to de­velop learning environments in the context of non-formal education. Non-formal ed­ucation is proposed to fit better with the enhancement of entrepreneurial compe­tencies, as it offers the flexibility required to facilitate experimentation and to allow students to gather entrepreneurial experi­ence. Additionally, in this paper arguments are developed to show how formative evaluation systems suit entrepreneurial pedagogic interventions. Therefore, a com­prehensive proposal that facilitates the ac­quisition of entrepreneurial competencies, the main pedagogical characteristics that should inspire the different educational programs and their relationships with the different types of entrepreneurial compe­tencies are exposed. The article ends with the design of a formative evaluation system that highlights the importance of reflection as an element of the evaluation process and the entrepreneurial learning process.

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