Europeanization vs. Globalization? A Deeper Look into Income and Employment Embodied in Intra-European Trad

• Lucía Bolea ^[1] ; Rosa Duarte ^[1] ; Gloria Jarne ^[1] ; Robert Marschinski ^[2] ; Jose Manuel Rueda-Cantuche ^[2] ; Julio Sánchez-Chóliz ^[1] ; Cristina Sarasa ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Zaragoza

     Universidad de Zaragoza

     Zaragoza, España

     
  2. [2] DG Joint Research Center, Sevilla, Spain
• Localización: Revista de economía mundial, ISSN 1576-0162, Nº 53, 2019, págs. 23-44
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.33776/rem.v0i53.3922
• Títulos paralelos:
  • ¿Europeización versus globalización? Una mirada más profunda al empleo y renta incorporada en el comercio intra-europeo
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Los procesos de producción son hoy en día cada vez más globales, lo que implica estructuras interdependientes que vinculan bienes, procesos y países. Los bloques económicos tradicionales y los vínculos sectoriales dentro del país coexisten con dependencias mundiales crecientes. La literatura reciente respalda la hipótesis de un nuevo proceso de globalización que tuvo lugar a fines de los años 90 y el siglo XXI, centrado en la consolidación de macro-regiones cada vez más competitivas a nivel global, con una creciente especialización de los países dentro de ellas. Proponemos un modelo multirregional input-output (MRIO) de la Unión Europea (UE) para analizar si la generación de empleo e ingresos en Europa en las últimas décadas se puede definir como un proceso que es principalmente regional o global. Nuestros resultados muestran que el comercio intracomunitario es un factor importante que contribuye al crecimiento de los ingresos y el empleo, más orientado a los inputs intermedios, de la misma manera que el comercio extracomunitario, a pesar del hecho de que algunos países europeos están más especializados en productos finales, principalmente demandados por países de altos ingresos de la UE.

  • English

    Production processes are nowadays increasingly global, implying interdependent structures linking goods, processes and countries. Traditional economic blocks and sectoral intra-country linkages coexist with increasing worldwide dependencies. Recent literature supports the hypothesis of a new globalization process taking place in the late 1990s and the 21st century, centred on the consolidation of increasingly competitive macro-regions at a global level, with a growing specialization of countries within them. We propose a multiregional input-output (MRIO) model of the European Union (EU) to analyse whether the generation of employment and income in Europe in recent decades can be defined as a process that is mainly regional or global (involving countries within the region versus countries outside Europe). Our results show that intra-EU trade is an important factor contributing to income and employment growth, more oriented to intermediate inputs, in the same way as extra-EU trade, despite the fact that some European countries are more specialized in final goods, mainly driven by high-income EU countries.

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