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Eficacia del Programa de reducción de estrés basado en atención plena (REBAP) aplicado a familiares de jugadores patológicos

  • Alejandra Melero Ventola [1] ; José Ramón Yela Bernabé [1] ; Antonio Crego Díaz [1] ; María Cortés-Rodriguez [2] ; Mª Ángeles Gómez-Martínez [1]
    1. [1] Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

      Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

      Salamanca, España

    2. [2] Universidad de Salamanca

      Universidad de Salamanca

      Salamanca, España

  • Localización: Psicología conductual = behavioral psychology: Revista internacional de psicología clínica y de la salud, ISSN 1132-9483, Vol. 27, Nº. 3, 2019, págs. 355-373
  • Idioma: español
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      La adicción al juego conlleva situaciones de estrés para quienes sufren este trastorno y su entorno social próximo. 33 familiares voluntarios de jugadores en rehabilitación participaron en una intervención grupal de autoayuda (GAA), tras la cual iniciaron un Programa de reducción de estrés basado en atención plena (REBAP), de ocho semanas. Sus niveles de estrés fueron evaluados antes y después de cada intervención y en tres seguimientos (1, 3 y 6 meses). Mientras que el GAA no reducía significativamente el estrés de los familiares, el protocolo REBAP producía cambios de gran magnitud (η2 = 0,88) y conseguía disminuir el estrés, desde niveles inicialmente moderados a bajos. Los efectos se mantuvieron en los tres seguimientos, durante los cuales se observaron niveles elevados de práctica de atención plena.

      No obstante, en el seguimiento a los 6 meses se apreció una disminución de la práctica, lo cual sugeriría la necesidad de introducir sesiones de refuerzo. Los resultados muestran la utilidad del programa REBAP en la intervención con familiares de personas con adicción al juego.

    • English

      Gambling addiction may lead to stressful situations for the gambler and their proximal social environment. 33 close relatives of disordered gamblers volunteered to attend a self-help group; afterwards, they participated in the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program for 8 weeks. The participants' perceived stress was assessed before and after each treatment condition, and at 1-month, 3-months, and 6-months follow-ups. Participating in the self-help group did not significantly reduce the stress levels of pathological gamblers' relatives, whereas the MBSR training produced changes of great magnitude (2 = 0.88), decreasing stress levels from initially moderate scores to low values. Changes in stress levels were maintained at low levels throughout follow-ups, with participants reporting overall strong engagement with the practice of mindfulness. However, a decrease in practice (number of individuals practicing, frequency and time of exercises) was observed at 6-months follow-up, which suggest that including sessions to strengthen practice could be advisable.

      The MBSR program may be a useful protocol to reduce stress in pathological gamblers' families.

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