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Alfabetización visual en nuevos medios: revisión y mapeo sistemático de la literatura

  • García Sánchez, Felicidad [1] ; Therón, Roberto [1] ; Gómez-Isla, José [1]
    1. [1] Universidad de Salamanca

      Universidad de Salamanca

      Salamanca, España

  • Localización: Education in the knowledge society (EKS), ISSN 1138-9737, ISSN-e 2444-8729, Nº. 20, 2019
  • Idioma: español
  • Títulos paralelos:
    • Visual Literacy in New Media: Systematic Review and Mapping of the Literature
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      Muchos investigadores han tratado anteriormente con la alfabetización visual en los usuarios de nuevas tecnologías donde se utilizan imágenes. El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para identificar, analizar y clasificar los enfoques publicados y así encontrar, respaldar o mejorar las investigaciones que se realizan desde la perspectiva de las nuevas tecnologías. Como resultado, este estudio identifica 39 artículos en los que relacionan la alfabetización con las nuevas tecnologías o las imágenes en redes sociales. Se localizan varios enfoques principales donde se relacionan los nuevos medios con alfabetización visual: en educación, en tecnologías de la información y comunicación, en arte y diseño, comunicación, psicología, demografía, aspectos profesionales o ciencias de la información. Pero estos enfoques carecen de estandarización y son principalmente soluciones para cada uno de los hechos concretos presentados. El principal campo en el que se investiga este concepto es el que relaciona las imágenes con la educación. Se intenta demostrar la importancia de las imágenes en la vida diaria y su relación con el aprendizaje formal. Algunas soluciones encontradas en la literatura (aunque poco frecuentes) llegan a la conclusión de que, gracias a algunas herramientas diseñadas para ello, se podría llegar a observar el estado de la alfabetización visual en usuarios de nuevas tecnologías y nuevos medios. A pesar de diversos trabajos que tratan este tema y sus desafíos, es necesario seguir mejorando la investigación en esta área mediante la aplicación de técnicas y que den lugar a soluciones estandarizadas, que permitan explorar nuevas formas de analizar e interpretar la alfabetización visual, evitando las soluciones pensadas para cada investigación o evaluando soluciones propuestas.

    • English

      Many researchers have dealt previously with visual literacy in the context of new media and the use of images. The goal of this manuscript is to present a systematic review of the literature to identify, analyze and classify the published approaches and by this way find, give support or improve different research works which are carried out under the perspective of the new technologies. As results, this study identified 39 papers that link the visual literacy with the new technologies, or the images used in social networks. There have been found different main approaches where are related to the new media with visual literacy in education, with ICTs, art and design, communication, psychology, demography, professional aspects or information sciences. However, those approaches lacked standardization and were mainly ad-hoc solutions for each presented research scenario. The primary field of research where this concept is used is the use of images in education. In this field, the authors try to demonstrate how daily images can be related to formal learning. Some of the outcomes and solutions found in the literature (albeit not much frequent) conclude that thanks to some ad-hoc tools designed for each experiment, the researchers can achieve the goal of observing the status of visual literacy in users of new technologies and new media. Despite that several research efforts work in this subject and its challenges, the research community needs to continue improving the research in this area through the application of new techniques and methods which can lead to achieving standardized solutions. Moreover, thus, let researchers explore new ways of analyzing and interpreting the visual literacy avoiding custom solutions or evaluating well-known proposals from the literature.

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