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Efectos de la Sustitución Parcial de Cemento por Ceniza de Bagazo de Caña de Azúcar en el Asentamiento y Resistencia a la Compresión del Concreto

  • Huillca, Adan [1] ; Rodríguez, Wilder [1]
    1. [1] Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola

      Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola

      Perú

  • Localización: Revista Politécnica, ISSN-e 2477-8990, Vol. 54, Nº. 2, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Revista Politécnica), págs. 109-117
  • Idioma: español
  • DOI: 10.33333/rp.vol54n2.10
  • Títulos paralelos:
    • Effects of Partial Replacement of Cement by Sugarcane Bagasse Ash on the Settlement and Compressive Strength of Concrete
  • Enlaces
  • Resumen
    • español

      La industria de la construcción, clave en economías emergentes, emite cerca del 30 % de las emisiones globales de CO2. El cemento, esencial en el concreto, representa hasta el 15 % del volumen total y emite alrededor del 7 % de CO2. Por ello, es importante la búsqueda de alternativas de reemplazo como las cenizas de bagazo de caña de azúcar CBCA. En esta investigación, se realizaron mezclas con diferentes porcentajes de CBCA (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % y 20 %), previo al mezclado se caracterizó cuidadosamente los agregados y la CBCA, posteriormente se prepararon moldes de concreto en cilindros de 10x20 cm, al mismo tiempo de la preparación de los moldes se realizó el ensayo de Slump. A los 7, 14 y 28 días de curado, se realizó el ensayo a compresión de los moldes de concreto.  Los resultados arrojan que la mezcla al 5 % mostró un mayor asentamiento, sin embargo, a medida se incrementa el porcentaje de CBCA el asentamiento tiende a descender. Por otro lado, la resistencia a la compresión a los 28 días, la mezcla con 0 % alcanzó 177,47 kg/cm2, superando los 175 kg/cm2 de diseño. Con 5 % de CBCA, la resistencia promedio fue de 136,07 kg/cm2, para 10 % de 124,1 kg/cm2, para 15 % de 97,75 kg/cm2 y para 20 % de 69,84 kg/cm2. Se concluye que tanto el asentamiento como la resistencia están directamente relacionados al grado del valor de superficie especifica, gravedad específica y temperatura de combustión. Se recomienda el uso de CBCA en un 5 %, con áreas específicas mayores 3 000 cm2/g, gravedades mayores de 2 000 kg/m3 y una temperatura de combustión de entre 500-750 °C para la asegurar la obtención de partículas amorfas.

    • English

      The construction industry, crucial to emerging economies, emits approximately 30 % of global CO2 emissions. Cement, essential in concrete production, accounts for up to 15 % of the total volume, yet its manufacture releases around 7 % of CO2. It is therefore important to look for replacement alternatives such as sugarcane bagasse CBCA ash. In this investigation, mixtures were made with different percentages of CBCA (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %), before mixing the aggregates and CBCA were carefully characterized, concrete molds were subsequently prepared in 10x20 cm cylinders, at the same time of the preparation of the molds the Slump test was carried out. At 7, 14 and 28 days of curing, the compression test of the concrete molds was performed.  The results show that the 5% mixture showed a greater settlement, however, as the percentage of CBCA increases the settlement tends to decline. On the other hand, the compression strength at 28 days, the mixture with 0 % reached 177,47 kg/cm2, exceeding 175 kg/cm2 design. With 5 % CBCA, the average resistance was 136,07 kg/cm2, for 10 % 124,1 kg/cm2, for 15 % 97,75  kg/cm2 and for 20 % 69,84 kg/cm2. It is concluded that both settlement and resistance are directly related to the degree of specific surface value, specific gravity and combustion temperature. The use of CBCA is recommended in 5 %, with specific areas greater than 3 000 cm2/g, gravities greater than 2 000 kg/m3 and a combustion temperature of between 500-750 °C to ensure the obtaining of amorphous particles.

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