Publication: Marco metodológico y tecnológico para la creación y adquisición de conocimiento en las organizaciones
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2014
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2014-05-13
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Abstract
Desde hace varios años se ha insistido en la importancia que tiene el conocimiento para las organizaciones que buscan sobrevivir en un mercado competitivo, habiéndose demostrado el claro vínculo que existe entre el conocimiento y el éxito de una organización (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995). Las organizaciones continuamente generan grandes cantidades de información representada en especificaciones de procesos, procedimientos, datos de proyectos, experiencias acumuladas y lecciones aprendidas. Esta información en su conjunto, constituye el principal activo intangible de la organización: su conocimiento. En muchos casos, todo este conocimiento, no se encuentra documentado o forma parte de documentos almacenados en bases de datos y repositorios de información poco consultados y con mucha información acumulada con el paso del tiempo. El sólo hecho de que una organización posea un alto nivel de conocimiento, no significa necesariamente que sea una organización con garantía de éxito. Una organización que se considere a si misma sostenible debe ser capaz de gestionar su conocimiento, incorporarlo adecuadamente en sus actividades y utilizarlo en su propio beneficio, de modo que esto la haga más competitiva en el mercado. Las propias organizaciones reconocen que el conocimiento y su transferencia son la clave para su crecimiento, para la efectiva ejecución de su estrategia de negocio y para promover la innovación, todo esto, con el fin de desarrollar el capital humano e intelectual de la organización (Ajmal and Koskinen, 2008) (Paradise and Patel, 2009) (Strong et al., 2008) (Viedma, 2004) (Argote et al., 2003). A pesar de la evidente necesidad que tienen las organizaciones de gestionar sus conocimientos, dichas organizaciones se enfrentan a varios inconvenientes debido a que su conocimiento no es fácilmente accesible, no es el adecuado para desempeñar las actividades de la organización, o no es entendible en su representación. Bajo el contexto que nos plantea la nueva sociedad de la información y el conocimiento en el que nos movemos día a día, es prioritario que las organizaciones dispongan de nuevos modelos y paradigmas que les faciliten gestionar su conocimiento (Fundación Telefónica, 2011) ( Lytras et a., 2008). Es por lo anterior, que la solución presentada en esta tesis doctoral identifica e integra en el marco metodológico PROMISE -KEFramework, los mecanismos y estrategias de gestión de conocimientos organizativos que faciliten la identificación, creación y adquisición de los conocimientos, con el fin de contribuir con la mejora de las actividades de creación y adquisición de conocimiento en una organización. A lo largo de esta tesis doctoral se presenta una descripción de cada uno de los componentes de PROMISE -KEFramework: · Proceso de Creación y Adquisición de Conocimiento (PROMISE-EP): El cual aporta un proceso definido para guiar la creación y adquisición de conocimiento organizativo. · Modelo de Competencias (PROMISE-Competency Model): El cual identifica las competencias clave en la ejecución de las actividades del proceso de creación y adquisición de conocimiento. · Modelo Conceptual (PROMISE-CM): El cual integra todos los componentes de PROMISE-KEFramework y guía a la organización en su aplicación, mediante la aportación de una vista estática y dinámica de interrelaciones entre todos los componentes definidos. · Conjunto de recomendaciones y estrategias organizativas (PROMISE-Strategies): Este componente aporta mecanismos para soportar la aplicación de PROMISE-KEFramework. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Over the years emphasis has been placed on the importance of knowledge for the organizations that looking for survive in a competitive market. It has been shown the clear link between knowledge and organization´s success (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995). Organizations continually generate large amounts of information represented in process specifications, procedures, projects databases, accumulated experiences and lessons learned. This information as a whole is the principal intangible asset of the organization: its knowledge. In many cases, all this knowledge is not documented or is part of wider documents stored in little consulted databases and information´s repositories with amounts of information available, accumulated over long periods of time. Just because an organization has a high level of knowledge it doesn´t necessarily mean that it be an organization with a guarantee of success. Organization that considers itself as a sustainable must be able to manage its knowledge, properly incorporate it to its activities and use it to its own benefit, so it makes a more competitive organization in the market. The organizations themselves recognize that the knowledge and its transfer are keys for its growth, for the effective execution of its business strategy and for promoting innovation. All of this in order to develop human and intellectual capital of the organizations (Ajmal and Koskinen, 2008) (Paradise and Patel, 2009) (Strong et al., 2008) (Viedma, 2004) (Argote et al., 2003). Despite clear need of organizations to manage their knowledge, it face with number of inconveniences due to its knowledge it´s not easily accessible, it´s not a suitable knowledge to develop the activities of the organization or it´s not a comprehensible representation. In the context of the new information and knowledge society, the priority is that organizations have new models and paradigms that allowed them to manage its knowledge (Fundación Telefónica, 2011) (Lytras et a., 2008). As a result of this situation, the solution presented in this doctoral thesis identifies and integrates in PROMISE-KEFramework the mechanisms and strategies of organizational knowledge management that facilities identification, creation and acquisition of knowledge, in order to contribute to improve activities of creation and acquisition knowledge in an organization. Throughout this doctoral thesis, a description of each components of PROMISE-KEFramework is presented: · Process of knowledge creation and acquisition (PROMISE-EP): It gives a defined process to guide creation and acquisition of organizational knowledge. · Competency Model (PROMISE-Competency Model): It identifies key competencies in execution of creation and acquisition knowledge process. · Conceptual Model (PROMISE-CM): It integrates all components of PROMISE-KEFramework and guides the organization in its application contributing a static and dynamic perspective of interrelation between all defined components. · Group of recommendations and organizational strategies (PROMISE-Strategies): This component contributes mechanism to support the application of PROMISE-KEFramework.
Over the years emphasis has been placed on the importance of knowledge for the organizations that looking for survive in a competitive market. It has been shown the clear link between knowledge and organization´s success (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995). Organizations continually generate large amounts of information represented in process specifications, procedures, projects databases, accumulated experiences and lessons learned. This information as a whole is the principal intangible asset of the organization: its knowledge. In many cases, all this knowledge is not documented or is part of wider documents stored in little consulted databases and information´s repositories with amounts of information available, accumulated over long periods of time. Just because an organization has a high level of knowledge it doesn´t necessarily mean that it be an organization with a guarantee of success. Organization that considers itself as a sustainable must be able to manage its knowledge, properly incorporate it to its activities and use it to its own benefit, so it makes a more competitive organization in the market. The organizations themselves recognize that the knowledge and its transfer are keys for its growth, for the effective execution of its business strategy and for promoting innovation. All of this in order to develop human and intellectual capital of the organizations (Ajmal and Koskinen, 2008) (Paradise and Patel, 2009) (Strong et al., 2008) (Viedma, 2004) (Argote et al., 2003). Despite clear need of organizations to manage their knowledge, it face with number of inconveniences due to its knowledge it´s not easily accessible, it´s not a suitable knowledge to develop the activities of the organization or it´s not a comprehensible representation. In the context of the new information and knowledge society, the priority is that organizations have new models and paradigms that allowed them to manage its knowledge (Fundación Telefónica, 2011) (Lytras et a., 2008). As a result of this situation, the solution presented in this doctoral thesis identifies and integrates in PROMISE-KEFramework the mechanisms and strategies of organizational knowledge management that facilities identification, creation and acquisition of knowledge, in order to contribute to improve activities of creation and acquisition knowledge in an organization. Throughout this doctoral thesis, a description of each components of PROMISE-KEFramework is presented: · Process of knowledge creation and acquisition (PROMISE-EP): It gives a defined process to guide creation and acquisition of organizational knowledge. · Competency Model (PROMISE-Competency Model): It identifies key competencies in execution of creation and acquisition knowledge process. · Conceptual Model (PROMISE-CM): It integrates all components of PROMISE-KEFramework and guides the organization in its application contributing a static and dynamic perspective of interrelation between all defined components. · Group of recommendations and organizational strategies (PROMISE-Strategies): This component contributes mechanism to support the application of PROMISE-KEFramework.
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Keywords
Organización del conocimiento, Organizaciones, PROMISE-KEFramework