Abstract
This study is concerned with the following Kirchhoff problem:
where \(a, b > 0 \) are constants, \(\mu < \frac{1}{4}\). \(\frac{1}{|x|^{2}}\) is called the Hardy potential and \(g: {\mathbb {R}} \rightarrow {\mathbb {R}} \) is a continuous function that satisfies the Berestycki–Lion type condition. Using variational methods, we establish two existence results for problem (A) under different conditions for g. Furthermore, if \(\mu < 0\), we prove that the mountain pass level in \(H^{1}({\mathbb {R}}^{3})\) can not be achieved.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berestycki, H., Esteban, M.J.: Existence and bifurcation of solutions for an elliptic degenerate problem. J. Differ. Equ. 134(1), 1–25 (1997)
Levy-Leblond, J.M.: Electron capture by polar molecules. Phys. Rev. 153(1), 1 (1967)
Baras, P., Goldstein, J.A.: The heat equation with a singular potential. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 284(1), 121–139 (1984)
Azorero, J.P.G., Alonso, I.P.: Hardy inequalities and some critical elliptic and parabolic problems[J]. J. Differ. Equ. 144(2), 441–476 (1998)
Vazquez, J.L., Zuazua, E.: The Hardy inequality and the asymptotic behaviour of the heat equation with an inverse-square potential. J. Funct. Anal. 173(1), 103–153 (2000)
Alves, C.O., Corrêa, F., Ma, T.F.: Positive solutions for a quasilinear elliptic equation of Kirchhoff type. Comput. Math. Appl. 49(1), 85–93 (2005)
Cheng, B., Wu, X.: Existence results of positive solutions of Kirchhoff type problems. Nonlinear Anal. Theory Methods Appl. 71(10), 4883–4892 (2009)
Sun, J.J., Tang, C.L.: Existence and multiplicity of solutions for Kirchhoff type equations. Nonlinear Anal. Theory Methods Appl. 74(4), 1212–1222 (2011)
Azzollini, A.: The elliptic Kirchhoff equation in \({\mathbb{R} }^{N}\) perturbed by a local nonlinearity. Differ. Integral Equ. 25(5–6), 543–554 (2012)
He, X., Zou, W.: Existence and concentration behavior of positive solutions for a Kirchhoff equation in \({\mathbb{R} }^{3}\). J. Differ. Equ. 252(2), 1813–1834 (2012)
Xie, Q.L., Wu, X.P., Tang, C.L.: Existence and multiplicity of solutions for Kirchhoff type problem with critical exponent. Commun. Pure Appl. Anal. 12(6), 2773 (2013)
Kirchhoff, G.: Mechanik. Teubner, Leipzig (1883)
Arosio, A., Panizzi, S.: On the well-posedness of the Kirchhoff string. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 348(1), 305–330 (1996)
Cavalcanti, M.M., Cavalcanti, V.N.D., Soriano, J.A.: Global existence and uniform decay rates for the Kirchhoff–Carrier equation with nonlinear dissipation. Adv. Differ. Equ. 6(6), 701–730 (2001)
Júlio, F., Corrêa, S.A., Figueiredo, G.M.: On an elliptic equation of p-Kirchhoff type via variational methods. Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 74(2), 263–277 (2006)
Corrêa, F.J.S.A., Nascimento, R.G.: On a nonlocal elliptic system of p-Kirchhoff-type under Neumann boundary condition. Math. Comput. Model. 49(3–4), 598–604 (2009)
Ma, T.F.: Remarks on an elliptic equation of Kirchhoff type. Nonlinear Anal. Theory Methods Appl. 63(5–7), e1967–e1977 (2005)
Perera, K., Zhang, Z.: Nontrivial solutions of Kirchhoff-type problems via the Yang index. J. Differ. Equ. 221(1), 246–255 (2006)
Figueiredo, G.M., Ikoma, N., Santos Júnior, J.R.: Existence and concentration result for the Kirchhoff type equations with general nonlinearities. Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 213(3), 931–979 (2014)
Jannelli, E.: The role played by space dimension in elliptic critical problems. J. Differ. Equ. 156(2), 407–426 (1999)
Cao, D., Han, P.: Solutions for semilinear elliptic equations with critical exponents and Hardy potential. J. Differ. Equ. 205(2), 521–537 (2004)
Ferrero, A., Gazzola, F.: Existence of solutions for singular critical growth semilinear elliptic equations. J. Differ. Equ. 177(2), 494–522 (2001)
Li, G.D., Li, Y.Y., Tang, C.L.: Existence and asymptotic behavior of ground state solutions for Schrödinger equations with Hardy potential and Berestycki–Lions type conditions. J. Differ. Equ. 275, 77–115 (2021)
Chou, K.S., Chu, C.W.: On the best constant for a weighted Sobolev–Hardy inequality. J. Lond. Math. Soc. 2(1), 137–151 (1993)
Egnell, H.: Elliptic boundary value problems with singular coefficients and critical nonlinearities[J]. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 38(2), 235–251 (1989)
Ekeland, I., Ghoussoub, N.: Selected new aspects of the calculus of variations in the large. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 39(2), 207–265 (2002)
Ruiz, D., Willem, M.: Elliptic problems with critical exponents and Hardy potentials. J. Differ. Equ. 190(2), 524–538 (2003)
Guo, Z.: Ground states for Kirchhoff equations without compact condition. J. Differ. Equ. 259(7), 2884–2902 (2015)
Berestycki, H., Lions, P.L.: Nonlinear scalar field equations, I existence of a ground state. Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 82(4), 313–345 (1983)
Jeanjean, L., Tanaka, K.: A remark on least energy solutions in \({\mathbb{R} }^{N}\). Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 131(8), 2399–2408 (2003)
Willem, M.: Minimax theorems. Springer, Berlin (1997)
Brézis, H., Lieb, E.: A relation between pointwise convergence of functions and convergence of functionals. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 88(3), 486–490 (1983)
Guo, Q., Mederski, J.: Ground states of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with sum of periodic and inverse-square potentials. J. Differ. Equ. 260(5), 4180–4202 (2016)
Jeanjean, L., Tanaka, K.: A positive solution for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation on \({\mathbb{R} }^{N}\). Indiana Univ. Math. J. 54, 443–464 (2005)
Gilbarg, D., Trudinger, N.S.: Elliptic Partial Differential Equations of Second Order, Classics in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, reprint of the 1998 edition (2001)
Acknowledgements
This paper is supported by Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No.2020J01708 & No.2022J01339) and National Foundation Training Program of Jimei University (ZP2020057).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MZ,YL wrote the main manuscript text. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, M., Lan, Y. Existence of Ground State Solutions for Kirchhoff Problems with Hardy Potential. Qual. Theory Dyn. Syst. 22, 141 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-023-00841-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-023-00841-9
Keywords
- Kirchhoff problems
- Berestycki–Lions type conditions
- Hardy potential
- Pohožaev identity
- Ground state solution