Skip to main content
Log in

Asymptotic Dynamics of a Difference Equation with a Parabolic Equilibrium

  • Published:
Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this work is the study of the asymptotic dynamical behaviour, of solutions that approach parabolic fixed points in difference equations. In one dimensional difference equations, we present the asymptotic development for positive solutions tending to the fixed point. For higher dimensions, through the study of two families of difference equations in the two and three dimensional case, we take a look at the asymptotic dynamic behaviour. To show the existence of solutions we rely on the parametrization method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Baldomà, I., Fontich, E.: Stable manifolds associated to fixed points with linear part equal to identity. J. Differ. Equ. 197(1), 45–72 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Baldomà, I., Fontich, E., de la Llave, R., Martín, P.: The parameterization method for one-dimensional invariant manifolds of higher dimensional parabolic fixed points. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 17(4), 835–865 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Baldomà, I., Fontich, E., Martín, P.: Invariant manifolds of parabolic fixed points (I). Existence and depence on parameters (2016). arXiv:1603.02533v1 [math.DS]

  4. Baldomà, I., Fontich, E., Martín, P.: Invariant manifolds of parabolic fixed points (II). Approximations by sums of homogeneous functions (2016). arXiv:1603.02535v1 [math.DS]

  5. Berg, L.: Asymptotische Darstellungen und Entwicklungen, Hoch-schulbücher für Mathematik, vol. 66. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Berg, L.: On the asymptotics of nonlinear difference equations. J. Anal. Appl. 21(4), 1061–1074 (2002)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Berg, L.: Inclusion theorems for non-linear difference equations with applications. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 10(4), 399–408 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Berg, L.: On the asymptotics of the difference equation \(x_{n-3}=x_n(1+x_{n-1}x_{n-2})\). J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 14(1), 105–108 (2008)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Berg, L., Stević, S.: On the asymptotics of the difference equation \(y_{n}(1+y_{n-1}\dots y_{n-k+1})=y_{n-k}\). J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 17(4), 577–586 (2011)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Beverton, R.J., Holt, S.J.: On the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations, vol. 19. Fish. Invest, London (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cabré, X., Fontich, E., de la Llave, R.: The parameterization method for invariant manifolds. I. Manifolds associated to non-resonant subspaces. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 52(2), 283–328 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Cabré, X., Fontich, E., de la Llave, R.: The parameterization method for invariant manifolds. II. Regularity with respect to parameters. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 52(2), 329–360 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Cabré, X., Fontich, E., de la Llave, R.: The parameterization method for invariant manifolds. III. Overview and applications. J. Differ. Equ. 218(2), 444–515 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Carleson, L., Gamelin, T.: Complex Dynamics Universitext: Tracts in Mathematics. Springer, New York, Inc (1993). ISBN 13: 978-0-387-97942-7

  15. Casasayas, J., Fontich, E., Nunes, A.: Invariant manifolds for a class of parabolic points. Nonlinearity 5, 1193–1210 (1992)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Easton, R.W.: Parabolic orbits in the planar three-body problem. J. Differ. Equ. 52, 116–134 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Fontich, E.: Stable curves asymptotic to a degenerate fixed point. Nonlinear Anal. 35, 711–733 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Grove, E. A., Kent, C. M., Ladas, G., Valicenti, S., Levins R.: Global stability in some population models. Communications in difference equations. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Difference Equations (Poznan, 1998), Gordon and Breach, Amsterdam, pp. 149–176 (2000)

  19. Gutnik, L., Stević, S.: On the Behaviour of the Solutions of a Second-Order Difference Equation. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. ID 27562 (2007)

  20. Haro, A., de la Llave, R.: A parameterization method for the computation of invariant tori and their whiskers in quasi-periodic maps: rigorous results. J. Differ. Equ. 228–2, 530–579 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Haro, A., de la Llave, R.: A parameterization method for the computation of invariant tori and their whiskers in quasi-periodic maps: explorations and mechanisms for the breakdown of hyperbolicity. SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. 6–1, 142–207 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Huo, H.F., Li, W.T.: Permanence and global stability of positive solutions of a nonautonomous discrete ratio-dependent predator–prey model. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. 2005(2), 135–144 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Kuang, Y., Cushing, J.M.: Global stability in a nonlinear difference-delay equation model of flour beetle population growth. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 2(1), 31–37 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Martínez, R., Pinyol, C.: Parabolic orbits in the elliptic restricted three body problem. J. Differ. Equ. 111, 299–339 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. McGehee, R.: A stable manifold theorem for degenerate fixed points with applications to celestial mechanics. J. Differ. Equ. 14, 70–88 (1973)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Milnor, J.: Dynamics in One Complex Variable. Institute for Mathematical Sciences, SUNY, Stony Brook (1991)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Resman, M.: \(\varepsilon \)-Neighborhoods of orbits and formal classification of parabolic diffeomorphisms. Discrete Contin. Dyn. A 33–8, 3767–3790 (2013)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Robinson, C.: Homoclinic orbits and oscillation for the planar three-body problem. J. Differ. Equ. 52, 356–377 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Simó, C.: Stability of degenerate fixed points of analytic area preserving mappings. Bifurcation, Ergodic Theory and Applications (Dijon, 1981) pp. 184–194, Astérisque, vol. 98. Soc. Math. France, Paris (1982)

  30. Slotnick, D.L.: Asymptotic behavior of solutions of canonical systems near a closed, unstable orbit. Contributions to The Theory of Non-linear Oscillations, vol. IV pp. 85–110, Annals of Mathematics Studies, no. 41, Princeton University Press, Princeton (1958)

  31. Stević, S.: Asymptotic behaviour of a sequence defined by iteration. Mat. Vesnik (3–4) 48, 99–105 (1996)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Stević, S.: Behavior of the positive solutions of the generalized Beddington-Holt equation. Panam. Math. J. 10(4), 77–85 (2000)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Stević, S.: On the recursive sequence \(x_{n+1}=x_{n-1}/g(x_n)\). Taiwan. J. Math. 6–3, 405–414 (2002)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Stević, S.: Asymptotic behavior of a nonlinear difference equation. Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 34(12), 1681–1687 (2003)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Stević, S.: Asymptotic behaviour of a class of nonlinear difference equations. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. ID 47156 (2006)

  36. Stević, S.: On positive solutions of a (k+1)th order difference equation. Appl. Math. Lett. 19–5, 427–431 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Stević, S.: On monotone solutions of some classes of difference equations. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. ID 53890 (2006)

  38. Stević, S.: On a discrete epidemic model. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. ID 87519 (2007)

Download references

Acknowledgements

A. Gasull is partially supported by Spanish MCYT/FEDER Grant No. MTM2016-77278-P and Gov. Catalunya Grant No. 2017SGR 1617; B. Coll and R. Prohens are partially supported by Spanish and European Regional Development Funds (ERDF, FEDER) MICINN MTM2017-83568-P and MICINN MTM2014-54275-P grants. The authors want to thank prof. Rafael Ortega for his comments and suggestions during the realization of this work. We also would like to thank the anonymous referees for their careful reading of the paper and their constructive criticism.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. Coll.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Coll, B., Gasull, A. & Prohens, R. Asymptotic Dynamics of a Difference Equation with a Parabolic Equilibrium. Qual. Theory Dyn. Syst. 19, 70 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-020-00406-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-020-00406-0

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation