Abstract
Let C(X) denote the ring of all real-valued continuous functions on a topological space X and \({\mathcal {R}} (L)\) be as the pointfree topology version of C(X), i.e., the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a frame L. The ring \({\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\) is introduced as a sub-f-ring of \({\mathcal {R}} ( L)\) as a pointfree analogue to the subring \(C_c(X)\) of C(X) consisting of elements with the countable image. In this paper, we will study the concept of pointfree countable image in a way which will enable us to study the ring \({\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\). In order to do so we introduce the set \(R_{\alpha } := \{ r \in {\mathbb {R}} : {{\,\mathrm{coz}\,}}(\alpha - \mathbf{r}) \not = \top \} \) for every \(\alpha \in {\mathcal {R}} (L)\). We prove that \(R_{\alpha } \) is a countable subset of \({\mathbb {R}}\) for every \(\alpha \in {\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\). Next, we show that if L is a compact frame, then \(R_{\alpha } \) is a finite subset of \({\mathbb {R}}\) for every \(\alpha \in {\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\). Also, we study the result which says that for any topological space X there is a zero-dimensional space Y which is a continuous image of X and \(C_c(X) \cong C_c(Y )\) in pointfree topology. Finally, we prove that, for some frame L, the ring \({\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\) may not be isomorphic to \({\mathcal {R}} (M)\), for any given frame M.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Azarpanah, F., Karamzadeh, O.A.S.: Algebraic characterization of some disconnected spaces. Ital. J. Pure Appl. Math. 12, 155–168 (2002)
Azarpanah, F., Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Keshtkar, Z., Olfati, A.R.: On maximal ideals of \( C_c( X )\) and uniformity its localizations. Rocky Mt. J. Math. 48(2), 345–384 (2018)
Azarpanah, F., Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Rahmati, S.: \(C(X)\) Vs. \( C(X) \) modulo its socle. Colloq. Math. 111(2), 315–336 (2008)
Ball, R.N., Hager, A.W.: On the localic yoshida representation of an archimedean lattice ordered group with weak order unit. J. Pure Appl. Algebra 70(1), 17–43 (1991)
Ball, R.N., Walters-Wayland, J.: \( C-\) and \( C^*-\) quotients on pointfree topology. Dissertations Mathematicae (Rozprawy Mat) 412, 1–62 (2002)
Banaschewski, B.: The real numbers in pointfree topology. Textos de Mathematica (Series B), University of Coimbra, Departmento de Mathematica. Coimbra 12, 1–94 (1997)
Banaschewski, B.: Pointfree Topology and the Spectra of \(f\)-Rings. Ordered Algebraic Structures, (Curacao 1995), vol. 19, pp. 123–148. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1997)
Banaschewski, B.: On the pointfree counterpart of the local definition of classical continuous maps. Categ. Gen. Algebr. Struct. Appl. 8(1), 1–8 (2018)
Banaschewski, B., Gilmour, C.R.A.: Pseudocompactness and the cozero part of a frame. Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae 37(3), 577–587 (1996)
Bhattacharjee, P., Knox, M.L., McGovern, W.W.: The classical ring of quotients of \( C_c(X)\). Appl. Gen. Topol. 15(2), 147–154 (2014)
Dowker, C.H., Papert, D.: On Urysohn’s lemma. In: Proceedings of the Second Prague Topology Symposium, 1966, pp. 111–114. Academia Publishing House of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Praha (1967)
Dube, T.: Concerning \(P\)-frames, essential \(P\)-frames, and strongly zero-dimensional frames. Algebra Univ. 61, 115–138 (2009)
Estaji, A.A., Abedi, M.: On injectivity of the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a frame. Bull. Belg. Math. Soc. Simon Stevin 25(3), 467–480 (2018)
Estaji, A.A., Karamzadeh, O.A.S.: On \(C(X)\) modulo its socle. Commun. Algebra 31(4), 1561–1571 (2003)
Estaji, A.A., Karimi-Feizabadi, A., Emamverdi, B.: Representation of real Riesz maps on a strong \(f\)-ring by prime elements of a frame. Algebra Univ. 79, 1–14 (2018)
Estaji, A.A., Karimi-Feizabadi, A., Robat-Sarpoushi, M.: \(z_c\)-ideals and prime ideals in the ring \({\cal{R}}_c (L)\). Filomat 32(19), 6741–6752 (2018)
Estaji, A. A., Robat-Sarpoushi, M.: Pointfree version of image of continuous functions with finite image. In: 25th Iranian Algebra Seminar, pp. 89–92. Hakim Sabzevari University (2016)
Estaji, A.A., Robat-Sarpoushi, M.: On \(CP\)-frames (submitted)
Ghadermazi, M., Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Namdari, M.: On the functionally countable subalgebra of \(C(X)\). Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova 129, 47–69 (2013)
Ghadermazi, M., Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Namdari, M.: \( C(X) \) versus its functionally countable subalgebra. Bull. Iran. Math. Soc. (BIMS) 45, 173–187 (2019)
Gillman, L., Jerison, M.: Rings of Continuous Functions. Springer, Berlin (1976)
Hager, A.: Some nearly fine uniform spaces. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 28, 517–546 (1974)
Johnstone, P.T.: Stone Spaces. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1982)
Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Keshtkar, Z.: On \(c\)-realcompact spaces. Quaest. Math. 41(8), 1135–1167 (2018)
Karamzadeh, O.A.S., Namdari, M., Soltanpour, S.: On the locally functionally countable subalgebra of \(C(X)\). Appl. Gen. Topol. 16(2), 183–207 (2015)
Karimi-Feizabadi, A., Estaji, A.A., Emamverdi, B.: \({\cal{R}}L\)-valued \(f\)-rings homomorphism and lattice-valued maps. Categ. Gen. Algebra. Struct. Appl. 7, 141–163 (2016)
Karimi-Feizabadi, A., Estaji, A.A., Robat-Sarpoushi, M.: Pointfree version of image of real-valued continuous functions. Categ. Gen. Algebra. Struct. Appl. 9(1), 59–75 (2018)
Mehri, R., Mohamadian, R.: On the locally countable subalgebra of \(C(X)\) whose local domain is cocountable. Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 46(6), 1053–1068 (2017)
Namdari, M., Veisi, A.: Rings of quotients of the subalgebra of \(C(X)\) consisting of functions with countable image. Int. Math. Forum 7(12), 561–571 (2012)
Picado, J., Pultr, A.: Frames and Locales: Topology Without Points. Frontiers in Mathematics. Birkhäuser/Springer, Basel AG, Basel (2012)
Acknowledgements
We appreciate the referee for his thorough comments and for taking the time and effort to review our manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Presented by W.Wm. McGovern.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Estaji, A.A., Robat Sarpoushi, M. & Elyasi, M. Further thoughts on the ring \({\mathcal {R}}_c (L)\) in frames. Algebra Univers. 80, 43 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00012-019-0619-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00012-019-0619-z
Keywords
- Zero-dimensional frame
- Compact frame
- Connected frame
- Ring of real-valued continuous functions
- Countable image