Adaptación transcultural y validación del cuestionario de cultura preventiva Organizational Performance Metric

• Nieves Aquino Llinares ; Carmona Falder, Salvador ^[3] ; Moreno-Sueskun, Iñaki ^[2] ; Díaz González, Jorge Alberto ^[2] ; López Jacob, María José ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidad Pablo de Olavide

     Universidad Pablo de Olavide

     Sevilla, España

     
  2. [2] Gobierno de Navarra

     Gobierno de Navarra

     Pamplona, España

     
  3. [3] I + 3 Consultoría Estratégica de Cultura Preventiva, Sevilla

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales, ISSN-e 1578-2549, ISSN 1138-9672, Vol. 23, Nº. 4 (Octubre-Diciembre), 2020, págs. 415-429
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2020.23.04.02
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Organizational Performance Metric safety culture questionnaire
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo: Los Indicadores Positivos de Esfuerzo Preventivo (IPEP) reflejan aspectos centrales de la cultura preventiva; existen evidencias respecto a la validez predictiva de algunos de estos respecto a los accidentes de trabajo. Éste es el caso del Organizational Performance Metric (OPM) desarrollado por el Institute for Work & Health (IWH) de Canadá, cuestionario en inglés, corto y ampliamente validado internacionalmente. El objetivo es obtener una versión adaptada transculturalmente de la herramienta OPM, traducida al castellano y analizar su fiabilidad estadística, validez y consistencia interna.

    Método: Tras un proceso de traducción y retro traducción con un panel de expertos, se cumplimentaron en Navarra, España, 478 cuestionarios. Se calculó el estadístico alfa de Cronbach, las correlaciones bivariadas, el índice de correlación intraclase (ICC) y un análisis factorial exploratorio a los ocho ítems que lo forman.

    Resultados: el análisis muestra una alta fiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach=0,863) y validez interna (ICC=0,842) de la herramienta. El análisis factorial confirma un único factor latente entre los ocho ítems del cuestionario.

    Conclusiones: El cuestionario obtenido (OPM-Esp) constituye un instrumento válido como indicador positivo de esfuerzo preventivo para las empresas españolas. Su reducido tamaño y fácil aplicación lo hacen especialmente útil en el ámbito laboral. Su predictibilidad respecto a los accidentes de trabajo deberá valorarse para el entorno español.

  • English

    Objective: Safety positive performance indicators (PPI) reflect key aspects of safety culture; some of them also have predictive validity for occupational injuries. This is the case of the Organizational Performance Metric (OPM), developed by the Canadian Institute for Work & Health (IWH), a short, widely validated international English language questionnaire. The objective of this study was to obtain a transculturally adapted Spanish language version of the OPM, and to analyze its statistical reliability, validity and internal consistency.

    Method: After a translation and back translation process was performed by an expert panel, 478 questionnaires were completed in Navarra, Spain. We calculated the Cronbach alpha coefficient, bivariate correlations and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and performed exploratory factorial analysis of all eight items.

    Results: Data show the new tool has high reliability (Cronbach alpha==0.863) and internal validity (ICC=0.842). The factorial analysis confirmed a single latent factor among the eight items of the questionnaire.

    Conclusions: the adapted questionnaire (OPM-Esp) constitutes a valid instrument for use as an indicator of safety performance in Spanish companies. Its brevity and simplicity make it especially useful in the work environment. Its ability to predict occupational injuries should be tested in the Spanish context. 

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Sinelnikov S, Inouye J, Kerper S. Using leading indicators to measure occupational health and safety performance. Saf Sci. 2015;72:240-248.
  • Bennett J, Patrick F. Predicting Progress: The Use of Leading Indicators in Occupational Safety and Health. Policy and Practice in Health...
  • Teemu R, Pietikäinen E. Leading indicators of system safety – Monitoring and driving the organizational safety potential. Saf Sci. 2012;50(10):1993-2000.
  • Leveson N. A systems approach to risk management through leading safety indicators. Reliability Engineering and System Safety. 2015;136:17-34.
  • Podgórski D. Measuring operational performance of OSH management system – A demonstration of AHP-based selection of leading key performance...
  • Payne S, Bergman M.E, Beus JM, Rodríguez JM, Henning JB. Safety climate: Leading or lagging indicator of safety outcomes?. J Loss Prev Process...
  • OSHA Fact Sheet. The Use of Metrics in Process Safety Management (PSM) Facilities. 2016. [Citado 12 oct 2020]. Disponible en: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3896.pdf
  • Pradeep NG, Tauseef SM. Predicting Effectiveness of Management Systems: Measuring Successes against Failures. International Journal of Engineering...
  • Wreathall J. Leading? Lagging? Whatever! Safety Indicators. 2009;47(4):493-494.
  • Swuste P, Theunissen J, Schmitz P, Reniers G, Blokland P. Process Safety Indicators, a Review of Literature. J Loss Prev Process Ind. 2016;40:162-173.
  • Wilson AJ, Ransom G. Implementing process safety critical roles to reduce risk. The Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association...
  • Flin R, Mearns K, O’Connor P, Bryden R. Measuring safety climate: identifying the common features. Saf Sci. 2000;34(1-3):177-192.
  • Chen, YL, Kang-Hung L, y Chien-Chi C. Practical application of safety climate: A case study in the Taiwanese steel industry. Int J Ind Ergon....
  • Zohar D. Thirty years of safety climate research: Reflections and future directions. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2010;42(5):1517-1522.
  • Haas EJ, Connor BP, Vendetti J, y Heiser R. A case study exploring field-level risk assessments as a leading safety indicator. Trans Soc Min...
  • Almost JM., VanDenKerkhof EG, Strahlendorf P, Caicco Tett L, Noonan J, Hayes T, et al. A study of leading indicators for occupational health...
  • Hahn SE, Murphy LR. A short scale for measuring safety climate. Saf Sci. 2008;46(7):1047-1066.
  • Fernández-Muñiz B, Montes-Peón JM, Vázquez-Ordás CJ. Safety management system: Development and validation of a multidimensional scale. J Loss...
  • Fernández-Muñiz B, Montes-Peón JM, Vázquez-Ordás CJ. Relation between occupational safety management and firm performance. Saf Sci. 2009;47(7):980-991.
  • Institute for Work & Health (IWH). Benchmarking Organizational Leading Indicators for the Prevention and Management of Injuries and Illnesses....
  • Shea T, De Cieri H, Donohue R, Cooper B, Sheehan C. Leading indicators of occupational health and Safety: An employee and workplace level...
  • De Cieri H, Shea T, Pettit T, Clarke M. Measuring the Leading Indicators of Occupational Health and Safety: A Snapshot Review. Report prepared...
  • Amick B, Saunders R. Developing leading indicators of work injury and illness. Issue Briefing. 2013 [aprox. 4p]. [Citado 12 oct 2020]. Disponible...
  • (Na)stat. Instituto navarro de Estadística. Directorio de empresas, Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Acceso a la serie. 2017. [Citado 12 oct 2020]...
  • George D, Mallery P. SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon; 2003.
  • De Cieri H, Shea T, Cooper B, Sheehan C, Donohue R. Early Indicators of Workplace Injuries and Accidents: An Analysis of Leading Indicators...
  • Ramada-Rodilla JM, Serra-Pujadas C, Delclós-Clanchet GL. Adaptación cultural y validación de cuestionarios de salud: revisión y recomendaciones...
  • Costa-Alexandre NM, de Brito G. E. Adaptación cultural de instrumentos utilizados en salud ocupacional. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public...
  • Ollé-Espluga L, Vergara-Duarte M, Belvis F, Menéndez-Fuster M, Jódar P, Benach J. What is the impact on occupational health and safety when...